Transimpedance Amplifier (TIA) Features and Applications
Transimpedance amplifier (TIA) is called the trans-impedance amplifier. It is a kind of amplifier type. The amplifier type is defined according to the type of its input and output signals.
The function of the TIA is similar to the way we fertilize the flowers in the course of flowering. If we need to plant bright flowers on a barren land, weeds and seedlings are nourished when we fertilize this land. At this time we will artificially pull out the weeds so that the weeds are gone. The nutrients of the fertilizer can be given to the flower seedlings to the maximum extent, and then the seedlings can thrive. The role of TIA in DWDM systems is equivalent to weaving weeds artificially, and to a certain extent weeding against weeds.
In the electrical category, assume that the amplifier gain A = Y/X, Y is the output, and X is the input. Since characterizing a signal is not a voltage or a current, four amplifiers are combined. When the input is a current signal and the output is a voltage signal, A=Y(voltage)/X(current) has a dimension of resistance, so It is generally called a transimpedance amplifier. In addition, voltage amplifiers are common to us, that is, the input and output voltages are the kind.
Due to its high bandwidth, TIA is generally used in high-speed circuits such as optoelectronic transmission communication systems. For example, the PIN-TIA, PIN-TIA optical receiver is used in the optical communication system to convert the weak optical signal into an electrical signal and the signal for a certain intensity low noise amplification detector, its working principle is: PIN photosensitive surface by When the probe light is illuminated, since the pn junction is in the reverse bias, the photocarriers drift under the effect of the electric field, and the photocurrent is generated in the external circuit; the photocurrent is amplified by the transimpedance amplifier, so that the optical signal is converted into electricity. The signal in turn preliminarily magnifies the electrical signal. In practical applications, we will use the -5.2 V, 3.3 V, or other power supply form according to the requirements of TIA to complete the package with different types of peripheral circuits.
We know that in DWDM systems, OSNR is one of the important indicators to measure the transmission performance of the entire system, that is, the ratio of signal to noise. How to increase the SNR to an ideal transmission performance value can be known from the above description. TIA was introduced to enable low-noise amplification of electrical signals with a certain intensity. After the signal is transmitted through the optical fiber, the optical power and dispersion must be attenuated to some extent. When the optical amplifier converts the optical signal into an electrical signal for amplification, the TIA can effectively suppress the amplification of the noise signal and the denominator becomes smaller. It is not difficult to understand how TIA can increase the ratio of optical signal to noise (OSNR). Therefore, in layman's terms, it is a device that is used in a technical means that, under the same conditions, causes negative factors to be relatively low and makes positive factors appear more highly.
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