Detailed analysis of the Snapdragon 845 processor released by Qualcomm
On the second day of the technology summit, Qualcomm once again appeared on the Snapdragon 845 processor. Today, I will explain more about this processor.
"In 1999, the first 3G mobile phone was launched. In 2007, the first mobile phone using the Opteron processor was born." Since the 3G era, Qualcomm has continued to deepen, and now 4G has reached the peak of the communications industry. In the past fiscal year, Qualcomm sold approximately 800 million Opteron processors worldwide, and more than 120 products are available for Opteron processors. With so many products choosing Snapdragon processors, it is naturally inseparable from Qualcomm's solid technology accumulation. Qualcomm said that they spend more than $1 billion on research and development each quarter. For example, the Snapdragon 845 processor to be mentioned this time was actually developed three years ago.
As said yesterday, the Snapdragon 835 processor revolves around "use experience and innovation, immersive experience, artificial intelligence, security, connectivity and performance".
About the overall architecture: four + four small core
Before we get to know more, let's take a look at the overall architecture of the Snapdragon 845: the Snapdragon 845 processor uses a 10 nanometer LPP process, in which the GPU uses Adreno 630, X20 LTE modem, WiFi, video using Spectra 280 ISP, and Hexagon 685 DSP coprocessor, sound quality using Qualcomm Aqstic Audio, CPU with four 2.8GHz big core + four 1.8GHz small core + 2MB cache Kryo 385 CPU, mobile security chip, another 845 added a separate memory.
éªé¾™ 845 core architecture
Like the previous generation of Xiaolong 835, this generation of Xiaolong 845 is still using the 10nm process of Samsung OEM. Like the previous online exposure, it is equipped with a Kryo 385 CPU, 2MB cache, consisting of four 2.8GHz large core A75 and four 1.8GHz small core A53, of which the core performance is 25%-30% higher than the previous generation. Small core performance increased by 15%.
Kryo 385 CPU
The GPU's graphics processor was upgraded to Adreno 630, which Qualcomm calls the vision processing subsystem. Its graphics processing power is 30% higher than the previous generation, graphics throughput is increased by 2.5 times, and power consumption is reduced by 30%. In terms of connectivity, the Opteron 845 is equipped with the latest X20 LTE modem, with a maximum download speed of 1.2Gbps, dual-card dual 4G VoLTE, and an advanced 11ac WiFi boot connection speed up to 16x.
Adreno 630
After the release of a flagship chip in the past, people are more concerned about how much the running score is higher than the previous generation, and how much power consumption is lower than the previous generation. But this time Qualcomm's explanation of the Snapdragon 845 is mainly focused on the specific performance of the experience improvement in multiple scenarios.
The immersive experience is one of the highlights of the Snapdragon 845 this time. Qualcomm put forward the idea of ​​"XR" (extended display), putting virtual reality VR, augmented reality AR, mixed reality MR, etc. together. The Snapdragon 845 is the first mobile platform to support room-scale six-degree-of-freedom (6DoF) and instant location and map construction (SLAM) to achieve features such as avoiding wall crashes. Compared to its predecessor, the “Adreno Vision Focus†introduced by Snapdragon 845 can significantly reduce power consumption, improve visual quality, and enhance XR application performance.
About ISP: ISP was smashed out by Qualcomm this time.
From the perspective of the overall development of mobile phones this year, dual-camera is not enough to meet the needs of users, so the technology similar to the front and rear double-photographing for the photo came into being. This time Qualcomm separately proposed the Spectra 280 ISP and the Adreno 630 GPU to form a visual processing subsystem for comprehensive improvement. The vision processing subsystem captures up to 64 times higher dynamic range color information than previous generations.
The Spectra 280 ISP is upgraded to the second generation, Spectra 280 ISP II, which supports more color gamut and color depth. According to Qualcomm, mobile phone photo quality from SD to HD to today's Ultra HD, although the pixel density is getting thinner and thinner, more and more colors. It was found that there was no improvement in color depth. Then in this case, the color depth is raised. Spectra 280 II supports 10-bit color depth. For example, when shooting the sky, you will find different levels of color in the sky. This is caused by the color depth. Then, after the second generation of Spectra 280 is upgraded, the color of the level will be more delicate. In addition, Spectra 280 II also supports the Rec.2020 wide color gamut display, the photos will show more colors.
Ultra HD Premium quality video capture and viewing
In terms of video, the second generation of the Spectra 280 ISP is hardware accelerated, adding a movie shooting function, which selects a small step as a dynamic and another as a static, dynamic and static combination.
In addition to taking photos and videos, plus Adreno 630 can be more entertaining, in this regard Qualcomm is talking about XR. What is XR (eXtended)? You can understand that it is a combination of VR (Virtual Reality) + AR (Augmented Reality) + MR (Mixed Reality).
The Snapdragon 845 is the first mobile platform to support indoor space positioning with six degrees of freedom and instant positioning and map construction. Simply put, when using the Snapdragon 845 processor to play a virtual display product, it recognizes obstacles in front and reminds the user.
In addition, the Adreno Vision Focus introduced by the Opteron 845 significantly reduces power consumption, improves visual quality, and enhances XR application performance compared to previous generations.
Built-in independent security processing unit SPU
The phrase "built-in independent security encryption chip" is believed to have been heard by many people. Domestic mobile phone manufacturers such as Jinli and 8848 have launched related products. Although these products do not use Qualcomm's processor, they have purchased a separate security chip built into the mobile phone, and promote security as a differentiated selling point of the product.
Built-in independent SPU security processing unit
The new security architecture was first developed on the Snapdragon 845: the SPU security processing unit. The SPU has an independent power supply and flash memory, and can store user biometric information such as images and fingerprints, as well as bank information, in this security unit. Xiaolong 845 is the first push, and will be promoted to Win10 notebooks equipped with Opteron processors.
Qualcomm calls this SPU a security island, but it is actually the same as the "built-in independent security encryption chip." This means that in the future, the mobile phone equipped with the Snapdragon 845 can be called an independent secure encrypted mobile phone. (Golden and 8848 don't know if they will cry in the toilet...)
For the first time in terms of security, an SPU security processing unit was developed. The SPU has an independent power supply and flash memory, and can store user biometric information such as images and fingerprints, as well as bank information, in this security unit. In the future, this security processing unit will also be used in the Snapdragon PC.
About battery life: support QC4.0
In terms of battery life, Qualcomm said that the mobile device equipped with the Snapdragon 845 supports QC4.0 fast charging. The official said that charging with QC4.0 for 15 minutes is 50% full. At the same time, the 845 also saves power through AI. Qualcomm introduced that the 4K ultra-high-definition video can last up to 4 hours, which can bring more than 3 hours of battery life to the wireless VR all-in-one device, and the wireless VR machine experience of more than 3 hours of display. Supports ultra high definition voice calls for more than 2 days.
About AI: Unlike the Kirin 970, the performance is 3 times better than the Snapdragon 835.
Artificial intelligence is what this Snapdragon 845 has to say. Unlike Huawei's Kirin 970 processor, the 845 does not have a separate neural unit built in, but a comprehensive deployment. Qualcomm also emphasizes in this regard that more targeted AI operations are achieved through calls between modules.
As a manufacturer of chips for major mobile phone manufacturers around the world, Qualcomm is taking the technical route to provide a common platform. In addition to supporting the Google TensorFlow and Facebook Caffe / Caffe2 frameworks, the SNPE SDK now supports Tensorflow Lite and the new ONNX. The major manufacturers have different levels of R&D capabilities. Not every one has the strength of a big factory like Apple and Huawei. Therefore, Qualcomm needs to balance the needs of major manufacturers.
According to Qualcomm, last year, major mobile phone manufacturers have begun to do artificial intelligence algorithms in the cloud, but a year ago, I did not expect artificial intelligence to develop so rapidly in such a short period of time, from the cloud to the terminal side.
The so-called end-side intelligence means that data collection, calculation, and decision-making are performed on the front-end equipment. Compared with cloud intelligence, the advantage of end intelligence is stability, small delay, and protection of user privacy. The disadvantage is that storage computing power is not as powerful as cloud intelligence. Qualcomm also recognizes that artificial intelligence cannot be enjoyed only when connected.
AI is supported by CPU, GPU and DSP
In fact, starting from the Snapdragon 820, Qualcomm's mobile platform already supports artificial intelligence. At that time, it was mainly through the open SDK to mobile phone manufacturers to provide artificial intelligence algorithm support in the cloud. At this time, the Snapdragon 845 is actually the third-generation mobile AI platform of Qualcomm. The CPU, GPU and DSP of the Snapdragon 845 can support the artificial intelligence on the end side.
Support for artificial intelligence network frameworks such as Google
The CPU, GPU and DSP of the Snapdragon 845 all support artificial intelligence. The AI ​​performance is 3 times higher than that of the previous generation Snapdragon 835, which improves the VR game experience and makes the voice interaction more natural. Although this method has a certain speed difference between Apple A11 and Huawei Kirin 970 for artificial intelligence algorithms for GPU and CPU, the advantage is that Qualcomm focuses on kernel optimization and will balance the requirements of different AI algorithms. Proper distribution of processing units for better performance.
It is worth mentioning that, referring to the independent neural network unit NPU chip carried by Huawei Kirin 970, Alex, senior vice president and general manager of mobile service of Qualcomm, seems to have some disdain when accepting media interviews including Phoenix Technology. The third-party company (Cambrian) authorized to do it, and Qualcomm is self-developed in AI.
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